C Language Basics for Beginners: From Theory to Practice

[jewameb621]

The C programming language is considered one of the most influential and widely used languages ​​in the world. It offers high performance, low-level memory access, and rich development capabilities. In this article, we will cover the basics of the C language for beginners and show you how to apply them in practice.

What is the C language?

C is a programming language developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs. It was created as an improvement on the B programming language and quickly became popular due to its performance and portability.

Development Environment

To get started with the C language, you will need a afghanistan telegram data development environment such as Code::Blocks, Dev-C++, or Visual Studio. Choose the one that is most convenient for you and install it on your computer.

Structure of a C program

A C program consists of functions. Each program must have an entry point - the `main()` function. Here is an example of a simple program:

```c
#include

int main() {
printf("Hello, world!\n");
return 0;
}
```

- `#include` - includes the header file ``, which contains input/output functions.
- `int main()` - declares the `main()` function, which returns an integer (`int`).
- `{}` - opens and closes the function's code block.
- `printf("Hello, world!\n");` is a call to the `printf()` function, which prints text to the screen.
- `return 0;` - terminates the program and returns an exit code.

Variables and Data Types

There are several basic data types in C, such as `int`, `float`, `char`, and others. You can declare variables like this:

```c
int age = 25;
float weight = 68.5;
char grade = 'A';
```

Operators and Expressions

C supports many operators, such as arithmetic (`+`, `-`, ``, `/`), logical (`&&`, `||`, `!`), and comparisons (`==`, `!=`, `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`). Example:

```c
int x = 10;
int y = 5;
int result = x + y; // the result is 15
```

Conditional Operators

With conditional operators, you can perform different actions based on conditions. Example:

```c
int age = 18;
if (age >= 18) {
printf("You are an adult.\n");
} else {
printf("You are a minor.\n");
}
```